Pneumatic tourniquets are used for many types of surgical procedures involving the extremities to establish and maintain a relatively dry operative field, minimize blood loss, aid in the identification of vital structures, and expedite the procedure. Despite the well-documented benefits of pneumatic tourniquets, their use can be associated with potential adverse local and systemic consequences. Patient safety should always be a priority with tourniquet use; therefore, perioperative nurses should understand advancements in tourniquet technology as well as key safety implications to use tourniquets effectively. The purpose of this continuing education activity is to provide an in-depth view of selected safety aspects related to tourniquet use in orthopedic surgery. It will provide a brief review of the components of a pneumatic tourniquet system, including the various types of tourniquet cuffs available today. Criteria for tourniquet cuff selection and application will be presented. Key patient safety aspects related to Limb Occlusion Pressure (LOP) and matching limb protection sleeves during orthopedic surgery and intravenous regional anesthesia, including the reduction in postoperative pain.
Learning Objectives:
Discuss tourniquet safety to promote positive patient outcomes
Identify components of a pneumatic tourniquet system that may affect patient safety
Discuss the importance of appropriate tourniquet cuff selection and application
Describe how cuff selection and measurement of limb occlusion pressure (LOP) reduces the incidence of post-operative pain and complications
